{"id":5916,"date":"2026-02-24T17:15:32","date_gmt":"2026-02-24T09:15:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.airbag.cc\/?p=5916"},"modified":"2026-02-27T15:11:54","modified_gmt":"2026-02-27T07:11:54","slug":"understanding-floating-fenders-how-do-they-work","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.airbag.cc\/es\/understanding-floating-fenders-how-do-they-work\/","title":{"rendered":"Defensas flotantes: \u00bfc\u00f3mo funcionan?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>When large ships dock at ports, they do not simply \u201cpark\u201d like cars. Even at low speed, a ship can weigh thousands of tons. If it hits a dock directly, the impact can cause serious damage to both the vessel and the port structure.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This is where <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.airbag.cc\/berthing-and-mooring-equipment\/\">floating fenders<\/a><\/strong> play an important role.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Floating fenders are specially designed marine safety devices that absorb the energy created when ships berth (dock). They act like giant cushions between ships and docks\u2014or even between two ships. In this article, we will explain what floating fenders are, how they work, their main types, and why they are essential in modern marine operations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-what-are-floating-fenders\">What Are Floating Fenders?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>A <strong>floating fender<\/strong> is a marine protective device that floats on water and absorbs impact energy during ship berthing operations. Unlike fixed rubber fenders that are permanently attached to a quay wall, floating fenders move with the water level.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>They are widely used in:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Commercial ports and harbors<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Oil and gas terminals<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ship-to-ship (STS) transfer operations<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Offshore platforms<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Naval bases<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Because they float, they automatically adjust to tidal changes. This makes them highly flexible and reliable in different water conditions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-main-types-of-floating-fenders\">Main Types of Floating Fenders<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>There are three main types of floating fenders used around the world.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-1-pneumatic-floating-fenders-yokohama-type\">1. Pneumatic Floating Fenders (Yokohama Type)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>These are air-filled rubber fenders. Inside the fender is compressed air. When a ship presses against it, the air compresses and absorbs the energy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Key features:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>High energy absorption<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Low reaction force<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Suitable for ship-to-ship operations<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Easy to install and relocate<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>They are often called <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.airbag.cc\/pneumatic-fender\/\">Yokohama fenders<\/a><\/strong>, named after the Japanese company that first developed them.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"500\" src=\"https:\/\/www.airbag.cc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Pneumatic-Fender-Series-3.webp\" alt=\"chain tire net pneumatic fenders\" class=\"wp-image-4333\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.airbag.cc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Pneumatic-Fender-Series-3.webp 800w, https:\/\/www.airbag.cc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Pneumatic-Fender-Series-3-300x188.webp 300w, https:\/\/www.airbag.cc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Pneumatic-Fender-Series-3-768x480.webp 768w, https:\/\/www.airbag.cc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Pneumatic-Fender-Series-3-120x75.webp 120w, https:\/\/www.airbag.cc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Pneumatic-Fender-Series-3-480x300.webp 480w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width:767px) 480px, (max-width:800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div style=\"height:30px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-2-foam-filled-floating-fenders\">2. Foam-Filled Floating Fenders<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Instead of air, these fenders are filled with closed-cell foam. Even if the outer rubber layer is damaged, the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.airbag.cc\/foam-filled-fender\/\">foam filled fender<\/a> will not sink.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Key features:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Unsinkable design<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Low maintenance<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>High durability<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Good for permanent installations<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>They are often used in ports where extra safety is required.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"520\" src=\"https:\/\/www.airbag.cc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/foam-fender.jpg\" alt=\"foam filled fenders\" class=\"wp-image-2259\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.airbag.cc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/foam-fender.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/www.airbag.cc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/foam-fender-300x156.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.airbag.cc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/foam-fender-768x399.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.airbag.cc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/foam-fender-18x9.jpg 18w, https:\/\/www.airbag.cc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/foam-fender-144x75.jpg 144w, https:\/\/www.airbag.cc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/foam-fender-480x250.jpg 480w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width:767px) 480px, (max-width:1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div style=\"height:30px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-3-hydro-pneumatic-fenders\">3. Hydro-Pneumatic Fenders<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>These <a href=\"https:\/\/www.airbag.cc\/hydro-pneumatic-fenders\/\">hydro pneumatic fenders<\/a> contain both air and water inside. They are commonly used for submarines or special vessels.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Key features:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Designed for underwater hull shapes<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Suitable for naval applications<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Adjustable buoyancy<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"https:\/\/www.airbag.cc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/CUSTOM-DESIGN-Hydro-Pneumatic-Fender-1024x576.webp\" alt=\"hydro pneumatic fenders\" class=\"wp-image-3819\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.airbag.cc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/CUSTOM-DESIGN-Hydro-Pneumatic-Fender-1024x576.webp 1024w, https:\/\/www.airbag.cc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/CUSTOM-DESIGN-Hydro-Pneumatic-Fender-300x169.webp 300w, https:\/\/www.airbag.cc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/CUSTOM-DESIGN-Hydro-Pneumatic-Fender-768x432.webp 768w, https:\/\/www.airbag.cc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/CUSTOM-DESIGN-Hydro-Pneumatic-Fender-1536x864.webp 1536w, https:\/\/www.airbag.cc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/CUSTOM-DESIGN-Hydro-Pneumatic-Fender-133x75.webp 133w, https:\/\/www.airbag.cc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/CUSTOM-DESIGN-Hydro-Pneumatic-Fender-480x270.webp 480w, https:\/\/www.airbag.cc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/CUSTOM-DESIGN-Hydro-Pneumatic-Fender.webp 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width:767px) 480px, (max-width:1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div style=\"height:30px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-key-components-of-floating-fenders\">Key Components of Floating Fenders<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Although designs may vary, most floating fenders have similar parts.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-1-outer-rubber-layer\">1. Outer Rubber Layer<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The outer layer is made of strong, wear-resistant rubber. It protects the fender from:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Abrasion<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Seawater corrosion<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Harsh weather<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>UV exposure<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>This layer must be durable because it directly contacts ships.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-2-reinforcement-layer\">2. Reinforcement Layer<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Inside the rubber shell is a reinforcement layer made of synthetic tire cord or strong fiber materials. This layer gives the fender structural strength and helps it handle high internal pressure.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-3-inner-core\">3. Inner Core<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>This is the energy-absorbing center:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Compressed air (pneumatic type)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Closed-cell foam (foam-filled type)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Air and water mixture (hydro-pneumatic type)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>This core is what allows the fender to compress and absorb impact safely.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-4-end-fittings-and-chain-tire-net\">4. End Fittings and Chain-Tire Net<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Most pneumatic fenders include:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Steel flanges<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Safety valves<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Chain and tire net protection<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>The chain-tire net protects the rubber surface from sharp objects and heavy friction.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-how-do-floating-fenders-work\">How Do Floating Fenders Work?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Now let\u2019s look at the science behind floating fenders.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-step-1-ship-approaches-the-dock\">Step 1: Ship Approaches the Dock<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>When a ship moves toward a dock, it carries kinetic energy. Even at slow speeds, the energy is very large because of the ship\u2019s weight.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The formula for kinetic energy is:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Energy = \u00bd \u00d7 mass \u00d7 velocity\u00b2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Since ships have huge mass, even small speeds create significant energy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-step-2-fender-compression\">Step 2: Fender Compression<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>When the ship touches the floating fender:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The rubber surface deforms<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The internal air or foam compresses<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The impact energy is absorbed<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>In pneumatic fenders, the air pressure increases as it compresses. This creates resistance, which slows the ship safely.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-step-3-energy-distribution\">Step 3: Energy Distribution<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Floating fenders are designed to:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Absorb maximum energy<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Produce low reaction force<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Reaction force<\/strong> is the force pushed back onto the ship and dock. Lower reaction force reduces structural damage.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This balance between high energy absorption and low reaction force is what makes floating fenders effective.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-step-4-self-adjusting-movement\">Step 4: Self-Adjusting Movement<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Because floating fenders are not fixed rigidly to the dock:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>They move with the tide<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>They adjust to different ship sizes<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>They float at the correct contact height<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>This flexibility improves safety and performance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-advantages-of-floating-fenders\">Advantages of Floating Fenders<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Floating fenders offer many benefits compared to traditional fixed systems.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-1-high-energy-absorption\">1. High Energy Absorption<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>They are designed specifically to handle large vessels, including tankers and LNG carriers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-2-low-reaction-force\">2. Low Reaction Force<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>This reduces stress on:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Ship hulls<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Concrete quay walls<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Steel dock structures<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-3-easy-installation\">3. Easy Installation<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>They can be:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Installed quickly<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Relocated easily<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Used temporarily<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>This is especially useful for emergency or temporary berthing operations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-4-long-service-life\">4. Long Service Life<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>With proper maintenance, floating fenders can last 10\u201315 years or more.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-5-suitable-for-ship-to-ship-operations\">5. Suitable for Ship-to-Ship Operations<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>In offshore oil transfer operations, two ships may dock side by side. Floating fenders provide safe cushioning between them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-where-are-floating-fenders-used\">Where Are Floating Fenders Used?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Floating fenders are widely used in many marine industries.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-commercial-ports\">Commercial Ports<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>They protect container ships, bulk carriers, and cruise ships during docking.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-oil-and-gas-terminals\">Oil and Gas Terminals<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Large tankers require reliable energy absorption systems.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-offshore-platforms\">Offshore Platforms<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>They help protect floating production storage and offloading units (FPSOs).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-naval-bases\">Naval Bases<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Hydro-pneumatic fenders are often used for submarines.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-maintenance-and-safety-tips\">Maintenance and Safety Tips<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>To ensure long service life, regular inspection is important.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For pneumatic fenders:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Check internal air pressure regularly<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Inspect safety valves<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Examine surface wear<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>For foam-filled fenders:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Inspect outer coating<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Check for cracks or tears<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Proper storage and correct installation are also essential.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-conclusion\">Conclusion<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Floating fenders are essential safety devices in modern marine operations. They protect ships, docks, and offshore structures by absorbing massive impact energy during berthing.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>By using compressed air or foam, these floating systems act like powerful cushions. Their ability to float and adjust with water levels makes them more flexible than traditional fixed fenders.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>As global shipping continues to grow, floating fenders will remain a key part of safe and efficient port operations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-faq\">FAQ<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-1-what-is-the-difference-between-pneumatic-and-foam-filled-floating-fenders\">1. What is the difference between pneumatic and foam-filled floating fenders?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Pneumatic fenders use compressed air to absorb energy, while foam-filled fenders use closed-cell foam. Pneumatic fenders offer adjustable pressure, while foam-filled fenders are unsinkable and require less maintenance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-2-how-long-do-floating-fenders-last\">2. How long do floating fenders last?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>With proper maintenance, floating fenders typically last between 10 and 15 years, depending on usage conditions and environment.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-3-why-are-floating-fenders-better-for-tidal-areas\">3. Why are floating fenders better for tidal areas?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Because they float on water, they automatically adjust to rising and falling tide levels, ensuring proper contact with ships at all times.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-4-are-floating-fenders-safe-for-large-oil-tankers\">4. Are floating fenders safe for large oil tankers?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Yes. They are specifically designed to handle high-energy impacts from large vessels such as crude oil tankers, LNG carriers, and bulk ships.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-5-how-do-you-maintain-a-pneumatic-floating-fender\">5. How do you maintain a pneumatic floating fender?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Maintenance includes checking air pressure regularly, inspecting rubber surfaces for damage, and ensuring chain and tire nets remain secure.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\">\n{\n  \"@context\": \"https:\/\/schema.org\",\n  \"@type\": \"FAQPage\",\n  \"mainEntity\": [\n    {\n      \"@type\": \"Question\",\n      \"name\": \"What is the difference between pneumatic and foam-filled floating fenders?\",\n      \"acceptedAnswer\": {\n        \"@type\": \"Answer\",\n        \"text\": \"Pneumatic fenders use compressed air to absorb impact energy, while foam-filled fenders use closed-cell foam. Pneumatic fenders allow pressure adjustment, while foam-filled fenders are unsinkable and require less maintenance.\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"@type\": \"Question\",\n      \"name\": \"How long do floating fenders last?\",\n      \"acceptedAnswer\": {\n        \"@type\": \"Answer\",\n        \"text\": \"With proper maintenance, floating fenders typically last between 10 and 15 years depending on environmental conditions and usage frequency.\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"@type\": \"Question\",\n      \"name\": \"Why are floating fenders suitable for tidal areas?\",\n      \"acceptedAnswer\": {\n        \"@type\": \"Answer\",\n        \"text\": \"Floating fenders move with water levels, automatically adjusting to tidal changes and maintaining proper contact with ships during berthing.\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"@type\": \"Question\",\n      \"name\": \"Are floating fenders safe for large oil tankers?\",\n      \"acceptedAnswer\": {\n        \"@type\": \"Answer\",\n        \"text\": \"Yes. Floating fenders are designed to absorb high energy impacts from large vessels such as oil tankers, LNG carriers, and bulk ships.\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"@type\": \"Question\",\n      \"name\": \"How do you maintain a pneumatic floating fender?\",\n      \"acceptedAnswer\": {\n        \"@type\": \"Answer\",\n        \"text\": \"Maintenance includes checking internal air pressure, inspecting rubber surfaces for wear or damage, and ensuring protective chain and tire nets are secure.\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}\n<\/script>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>When large ships dock at ports, they do not simply \u201cpark\u201d like cars. Even at low speed, a ship can weigh thousands of tons. 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