A Practical Guide to Pneumatic Fenders for Port Operators

Pneumatic fenders are not new to most port operators. You already know what they are and how they work. But choosing the right model, installing it correctly, and keeping it in good condition are the real challenges. This guide gives you clear, practical advice you can use directly in daily operations.

Why Pneumatic Fenders Still Matter

Pneumatic fenders offer a level of flexibility and energy absorption that solid rubber fenders cannot match. Their large deformation, soft contact surface, and low reaction force make them ideal for:

• Busy terminals with mixed vessel sizes
• Berths with big tidal changes
• Ship-to-ship (STS) operations
• Ports with high safety requirements for hull protection

They reduce the impact on both the vessel and the quay. For operators, this means fewer accidents, less downtime, and more predictable maintenance costs.

What Really Matters When Choosing a Fender

Even if you know the general specs, focusing on the right details helps you make better decisions.

1. Energy Absorption and Reaction Force

Always start with these two numbers.

• Energy absorption tells you how much impact the fender can take.
• Reaction force tells you how much pressure will be pushed back onto the ship and structure.

Aim for high energy absorption with a safe, controlled reaction force.

2. Working Pressure

Pneumatic fenders perform differently under different air pressures.

• Higher pressure = stiffer and higher reaction force
• Lower pressure = softer and bigger deformation

Set and check the pressure based on your berth conditions and vessel types.

3. Material and Build Quality

Focus on:

• Rubber quality (resistance to wear, UV, and aging)
• Number and quality of reinforcement layers
• Valve and flange reliability
• Outer protective layer or tire net (if needed)

Good materials directly increase the fender’s life.

4. Accessories and Installation Setup

Look at the chain system, shackles, lifting belts, and anchor points. They must be strong, well-aligned, and protected by sleeves to prevent wear.

How to Use Pneumatic Fenders Safely

Even a high-quality fender will fail early if used the wrong way. Here are the key points:

1. Check Before Every Operation

Do a quick visual check:

• Any cuts or bulges?
• Any unusual deformation?
• Any corrosion on chains or shackles?
• Is the pressure within the recommended range?

This simple habit prevents many failures.

2. Install with Proper Supporting Gear

Make sure the chains, shackles, and hanging points match the fender’s load capacity.
Protect the chains with rubber sleeves to avoid cutting into the fender body.

3. Manage Air Pressure by Season

Temperature changes affect internal pressure.

• In hot weather, pressure rises.
• In cold weather, pressure drops.

Record pressure regularly and adjust when needed.

4. Train Your Staff

Everyone handling fenders should know how to:

• Check pressure
• Inflate safely
• Deflate in emergencies
• Inspect chains and belts

A trained team means fewer risks.

Maintenance Tips That Extend Fender Life

A little care goes a long way. Pneumatic fenders can last many years when maintained correctly.

Daily or Routine Checks

• Surface inspection
• Pressure readings
• Chain and shackle wear

Monthly Checks

• Pressure holding test
• Valve inspection
• Tire net or chain net condition
• Cleaning and lubrication where needed

Annual Inspection

If possible, fully deflate the fender and check the internal layers, seams, and reinforcement fabric.
Also check all accessories and replace worn parts early — it’s cheaper than repairing major damage later.

Common Problems and How to Handle Them

1. Slow Leakage

Usually caused by:

• Faulty valve
• Small pinhole
• Worn gasket

Use soap water to find leaks and patch them quickly.

2. Surface Wear

Often a result of:

• Chains rubbing the body
• Sharp objects on the quay or hull
• Direct sunlight for long periods

Fix by adding protective sleeves or adjusting the installation angle.

3. Permanent Deformation

This happens after long-term overloading or overpressure.
Reduce pressure and assess the fender’s internal condition. Serious cases may need repair or replacement.

Solid Fender vs Pneumatic Fender — A Quick Comparison

Neither is “better”; the right choice depends on your berth and operation type.

Smart Tips for Port Operators

• Build a pressure log for every fender and update it weekly.
• Train teams on safe inflation and emergency deflation.
• Stock basic repair kits (valves, patches, sleeves).
• Ask suppliers for energy reaction curves, not just general specs.
• Replace chains and shackles before they fail — not after.

Final Thoughts

Pneumatic fenders play a big role in safe and smooth port operations. When selected correctly, installed properly, and maintained with simple routines, they can deliver excellent performance and long service life. For port operators, the goal is simple: reduce risk, protect assets, and keep operations running without interruption. Pneumatic fenders help you achieve exactly that.